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Updated in [July 25th, 2023]
Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only known planet to contain life. Slightly larger than nearby Venus, Earth is the largest of the four planets closest to the Sun, all of which are composed of rock and metal. The name Earth is believed to be at least 1,000 years old and is derived from a Germanic word meaning "the ground". It is estimated that Earth was formed around 4.5 billion years ago from a solidified cloud of dust and gases left over from the creation of the Sun. The interior of Earth is believed to have been composed of iron and silicates, with small amounts of other elements, some of which were radioactive. Over time, the energy released by radioactive decay heated Earth, melting some of its constituents. The iron melted before the silicates and, being heavier, sank towards the center. This forced up the silicates that it found there. Eventually, the iron accumulated at the center, forming the core, and a thin but stable crust of solid rock formed as Earth cooled. Depressions in the crust allowed water to collect and form the oceans. Through this process, Earth acquired its present appearance. This course will explore the formation of Earth and its place in the solar system.
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